Risks can come from:
- Lifestyle: Smoking, alcohol, or exposure to toxic substances.
- Health: Diabetes, high blood pressure, kidney disease, thyroid disorders, immune diseases (like lupus), obesity, or blood clotting issues.
- Pregnancy–related: Too much or too little amniotic fluid, multiple pregnancy, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, placenta previa or abruption, or serious complications in a previous pregnancy.